Deck Footings 101: Everything You Need to Know

Building a deck is a fantastic way to enhance your outdoor living space, providing a platform for relaxation, entertainment, and enjoying the great outdoors. However, before you start planning the layout or selecting materials, it's crucial to understand the importance of deck footings. These foundational elements are essential for the stability, longevity, and safety of your deck structure. In this guide, we'll delve into everything you need to know about deck footings to ensure your project is built on a solid foundation.

​What are Deck Footings?

Deck footings, also known as piers or foundations, are structural supports that bear the weight of the deck and transfer it to the ground. They serve as anchors to prevent the deck from sinking, shifting, or collapsing over time. Properly installed footings distribute the load evenly across the soil, minimizing the risk of structural failure and ensuring the safety of anyone using the deck.

​Considerations for Installing Deck Footings

Building Codes and Regulations: Before installing deck footings, it's essential to familiarize yourself with local building codes and regulations. These codes dictate the size, depth, and spacing requirements for footings based on factors such as soil type, climate, and deck size.
Soil Conditions: The soil conditions at your building site play a significant role in determining the type and size of footings required. Conduct a soil test to assess factors such as soil composition, drainage, and load-bearing capacity. Adjust your footing design accordingly to ensure adequate support.
Frost Depth: In regions where the ground freezes during the winter months, footings must extend below the frost line to prevent heaving and shifting. Consult local building authorities or a professional engineer to determine the frost depth in your area and install footings at the appropriate depth.
Load Requirements: The size and spacing of deck footings depend on the design loads imposed by the deck structure, including the weight of the deck itself, furnishings, and occupants. Consult a structural engineer or refer to building codes to calculate the required footing dimensions and spacing.

​Installation Process

Site Preparation: Clear the building site of any vegetation, debris, or obstructions. Mark the locations for the footings according to your deck plan, ensuring proper spacing and alignment.
Excavation: Use a post hole digger or auger to excavate holes for the footings. The depth and diameter of the holes should conform to local building codes and the recommendations of your structural engineer.
Formwork: If using sonotubes or deck blocks, place them in the excavated holes and ensure they are level and aligned. If using concrete footings, construct wooden formwork to contain the concrete during pouring.
Concrete Pouring: Mix concrete according to the manufacturer's instructions and pour it into the excavated holes or formwork. Use a level to ensure the footings are plumb and level. Allow the concrete to cure according to the recommended time frame before proceeding with deck construction.
Post Installation: Once the footings have cured, install the deck posts on top of the footings using appropriate fasteners and hardware. Ensure the posts are securely anchored to the footings to provide adequate support for the deck structure.

​Conclusion

Deck footings are the cornerstone of a sturdy and safe deck structure. By understanding the different types of footings, considering site-specific factors, and following proper installation procedures, you can ensure that your deck stands the test of time while providing years of enjoyment for you and your family. Whether you're embarking on a DIY deck project or hiring a professional contractor, investing in quality footings is essential for the success of your endeavor. Contact us today to learn more and get started on your deck building journey!​